Graphite packing, -sechinhu chepamusoro chekuvharisa, chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri emakemikari, peturu, magetsi, nemichina. Hunhu hwayo hwakanaka hwepamusoro-kupisa uye kusaita ngura, pamwe chete ne-zvidziviriro zvayo zvekuzora, zvinoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha muzvirongwa zvekuvharisa maindasitiri. Nekudaro, kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kunogona kukonzera kukundikana kwechisimbiso, kuvuza, uye kunyangwe kukuvara kwemidziyo. Naizvozvo, kugona hunyanzvi hwekushandisa hwemagraphite kurongedza kwakakosha.
1. Kusarudza uye Pretreatment yeGraphite Packing
Paunosarudza girafu packing, zvakakosha kuti uone rudzi rwakakodzera zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo ekushanda (akadai sekushisa, kudzvinyirira, uye corrosiveness media). Yakajairika graphite kurongedza mhando dzinosanganisira yakawedzera graphite uye impregnated graphite (yakadai seyakaiswa neresin, simbi, kana polytetrafluoroethylene). Panzvimbo-zvekupisa nepamusoro-zvinonetsa,-kuchena kwakawedzera graphite kana simbi-impregnated graphite inokurudzirwa kuti iwedzere kusimba kwayo uye kupenya kwayo.
Graphite kurongedza kunofanirwa kunyatsogadziriswa isati yashandiswa. Chekutanga, ongorora kurongeka kwekutakura kuti uone kuti haina kuputsika kana kusvibiswa. Kechipiri, kana kurongedza kuri muroll kana block form, inofanirwa kutemwa kusvika paurefu hwakakodzera zvichienderana nehukuru hwechisimbiso chegomba, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mipendero yakachekwa yakatsetseka kudzivirira maburrs anogona kukanganisa chisimbiso. Nekumisikidzwa kwegraphite kurongedza, ita shuwa kuti iyo impregnated layer haina kupepeta kana kukuvadzwa. Kana zvichidikanwa, kupenya kwechiedza kunogona kuitwa kuvandudza kupera kwepamusoro.
2. Packing Techniques uye Compression Control
Iyo yekurongedza maitiro e graphite kurongedza inokanganisa zvakananga kuita chisimbiso. Panguva yekurongedza, musimboti we "layered compaction" unofanirwa kuteverwa, uchizadza gomba rekuvharira rimwe denderedzwa panguva. Ita shuwa kuti mativi akachekwa edenderedzwa rega rega akadzedzereka 90 dhigirii -120 dhigirii kuita chisimbiso chinoramba chichivhara. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa yakatsaurirwa kurongedza hoko kana kudzvanya chishandiso kuti udzivise kudzvanya kwemanyorero, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kusaenzana kurongedza deformation.
Compression ndiyo yakakosha parameter ye graphite packing. Kudzvinyirira kwakanyanya kunogona kutungamira kurongedza kuomesa, kuwedzera kukweshera, uye kunyangwe kukuvadzwa kunzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso; kusakwana kudzvanya kunogona kukonzera kuvuza. Kazhinji, kusungirirwa kwekutanga kwekutakura kunofanira kudzorwa pa 15% -30% yeaxial clearance, uye kutakura kunofanira kugadziriswa zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika pachiyero chakanaka uchishandisa gland. Muzvisimbiso zvine simba (zvakadai sezviya zvinotenderedza shafts kana tsvimbo dzinodzokerana), simbisa mabhaudhi egland kakawanda. Mushure mekusimbisa kwega kwega, shandisa midziyo uye tarisa kune kuvuza kusvikira chisimbiso chakagadzikana chawanikwa.
3. Operation, Maintenance, uye Troubleshooting
Graphite packing inogona kusangana nekudonha zvishoma panguva yekutanga kushanda. Izvi zvakajairika uye zvinogona kazhinji kubviswa nekusimbisa zvishoma nezvishoma gland. Nekudaro, kana kudonha kukaramba kuchienderera kana kuwedzera, zvinotevera zvinofanirwa kuongororwa:
1.Gland yakanyanyisa kana kuomeswa: Shandisa torque wrench kugadzirisa bhaudhi yekusimbisa simba kuti udzivise kushushikana kwenzvimbo.
2.Packing kupfeka kana kuchembera: Mushure mekushanda-kwenguva refu, kurongedza kwegraphite kunogona kutadza nekuda kwekukweshana kana kukora kwemakemikari uye kunoda kuchinjwa nguva nenguva.
3.Medhiya inoenderana: Kana chinovharisa chiine zvidimbu zvakaomarara (sezvinoita slurry kana jecha), zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa kabhoni fiber{1}}reinforced graphite kana composite packing nemafuta akawedzerwa.
Panguva yekugadzirisa, gara uchitarisa iyo yekuisa chisimbiso kune tembiricha, vibration, uye kuvuza. Kana bhokisi rekuisa rakaonekwa richipisa zvakanyanya (kazhinji nekuda kwekukweshana kwakanyanya), matanho akakodzera ekuzora anogona kuiswa (sekubaya jekiseni shoma remafuta silikoni) kana kushandisa PTFE-impregnated graphite packing kuderedza friction coefficient.
4. Zvikumbiro zveMashandisirwo eSpecial Operating Conditions
Graphite packing inoda chenjedzo yakawedzerwa kana ichishandiswa mumamiriro ekushanda zvakanyanya (sekunyanya-tembiricha yakakwira, nzvimbo dzinoparadza zvakanyanya, kana nzvimbo dzemwaranzi yenyukireya):
•Ultra-high temperature environments (>600 dhigirii ): Shandisa yakakwirira-kuchena yakawedzera graphite kana simbi yemubatanidzwa-yakaiswa packing, uye sanganisira inotonhodza chimiro.
•Kune midhiya inoodza zvakanyanya (senge maasidhi akasimba uye mabhesi): Graphite packing yakaiswa mukati mePTFE kana Ceramic coating inosarudzwa pakuwedzera makemikari kuramba.
•For high-pressure sealing (>30 MPa): Shandisa akawanda-layer high-density graphite packing pamwe chete nemabhero esimbi pakuwedzera kunamwa.
Mhedziso
Graphite kurongedza kune yakakosha kuita kwakanakira, asi kushanda kwayo kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekushanda kwakakodzera uye kugadzirisa. Kuburikidza nesarudzo yesainzi, kuzadza kwakamisikidzwa, kudzvanya kwakakodzera, uye kugadzirisa nguva dzose, hupenyu hwechisimbiso hunogona kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya uye kushanda kwemidziyo kunogona kuvimbiswa zvakachengeteka. Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, zvinokurudzirwa kusanganisa chaiwo mamiriro ekushanda uye kubvunza vatengesi vezvinhu kana nyanzvi dzekuisa chisimbiso pazvinenge zvichidikanwa kuti uwedzere kushandiswa kwegraphite packing.
